
Tintin
Context
Tintin is the star of one of the most popular European comics, and enjoyed tremendous international success. His first adventures were published in 1929 and his creator, Hergé , continued the saga until his death in 1983. Further adventures and adaptations have since been released.
Between his varied adventures, his longevity and the distinctive ligne claire (“clean line”) artwork, Tintin is a feature of Francophone European cultures. He’s also frequently read by children in most nearby countries. The books also hold historical interest, as they drew from ample documentation when written and drawn.
This was a pleasant few months’ researching…
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Background
- Real Name: Tintin (variations include “Tim” in German, “Tenten” in Turkish and “Tintinus” in Latin).
- Other Aliases: Colonel Tintin in the army of General Alcatraz of the Republic of San Theodoros (in The Broken Ear only); Chief of Babaorum & King of M‘Hatuvu (in Tintin in the Congo only. The word tintin is actually period vernacular French for nope, nothing, which well illustrates his intended role as an everyman with whom all readers could identify (a British equivalent would be “Jack”, as in “ain’t got jack”).
- Marital Status: Single.
- Known Relatives: None.
- Group Affiliation: Reporter for Le Petit Vingtième in Belgium.
- Base Of Operations: Worldwide mobile or Castle of Moulinsart/Marlinspike Hall.
- Height: 5’4” Weight: 120 lbs Age: ~20 years.
- Eyes: Blue Hair: Blond
Overview
Tintin is a clever journalist and adventurer. He has excellent endurance, has a particular knack for surviving crashes and collisions and is a good enough fighter to bring down two men by himself, or a veteran criminal without little effort.
Tintin is also a superb climber (as deftly demonstrated, for example, in The Prisoners of the Sun and Tintin in Tibet).
His most uncanny ability is probably that he can pilot any type of common or exotic vehicle (never suffering from unfamiliarity penalties with any type of new vehicle); cars, tanks, airplanes, giant balloons, space rockets, sailboats, life rafts, submarines, etc.
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He has even made stunts using unusual moon vehicles and rode a railcar fast enough by pumping it by hand to catch up with a speeding train (so in essence, the more unusual the vehicle the better he can handle it)!
He has excellent people skills and it helps that he is a true polyglot. In addition to being very well educated and knowledgeable about numerous subjects he is also aided by his loyal dog Snowy. He is accompanied on is adventures by Captain Haddock in all later adventures.
Tintin, being a global traveler, has excellent and seemingly fluent knowledge of the major languages of the world.
There have only been a handful of times when he has not been able to converse with local natives (for example, he doesn’t speak Syldarian, a (fictional) Slavic language, but could make himself somewhat understood by using Russian instead, and neither could he read Saudi Arabic) or understand local documents, papers, journals and speech.
In addition to the European-originated English, Spanish, French and Flemish, he is well at home in far East being a fluent speaker of Hindi, Egyptian Arabic and Mandarin Chinese. He may have some knowledge of Japanese, Egyptian Arabic and Tibetan as well, but would have to pay some HPs to unlock such benefits during an adventure.
Of course this reporter also knows the Morse code fluently, and can both receive and send messages in it.
He has a mind for geography as well as a sense of direction and very rarely is lost anywhere on the planet. He is knowledgeable about countries, cultures, cities, villages and customs and he is always accompanied by his faithful fox terrier, Snowy!
He usually gets help from law-enforcement from Thompson & Thomson, although the Interpol also considers him a free, useful independent operative in the field that they can call on and vice versa.
Snowy
Snowy, a fox terrier dog, is Tintin’s eternally loyal companion. He aids his master when possible, even though he also causes problems (particularly when drunk!) while only being a dog and a little troublemaker.
Like his master Snowy too is curious and most often he serves as tracker. Alternatively, he distractingly bites opponents or chews the ropes with which Tintin often finds himself bound.
In the comics Snowy actually talks, but seemingly only the reader and other animals can understand him. Whenever he is hit by an attack its very often on his poor tail. Snowy, despite his diminutive size, is actually quite the brave dog and much, much stronger than one would expect. He likes food, alcoholic drinks and bones.
Snowy has a pal, sometimes archenemy in the Siamese cat residing at Marlinspike Hall, where Tintin and Snowy (and Calculus with a cellar lab) very often reside.
Original names
This profile wouldn’t be a faithful and good enough homage if it did not also include the names of the original characters in French! Tintin is, of course, the original French name used in the series and means nothing.
While his dog’s name is Snowy in most languages, he is called Milou in, for example, France, Great Britain and Sweden as per the original stories.
His best buddy, Captain Haddock was originally le capitaine Archibald Haddock in French. A haddock is a marine fish (Melanogrammus aeglefinus), which is quite the apt surname for our favorite alcoholic captain.
Professor Calculus, who got an obvious name befitting a scientist in English, was originally named le professeur Tryphon Tournesol. Tryphon is an old Greek name, while a tournesol is a sunflower, likely hinting at his educated but whimsical manners, and the name change made sense in other languages.
The incompetent detectives Thompson and Thomson (note the difference) were known as Dupond et Dupont, détectives de la Sûreté (i.e. police detectives). Their original names were also left untranslated in some countries.
Haddock’s valet Nestor is thusly named in all countries, and most of the villains and other supporting cast also kept their original names.
Finally, the Estonian pilot Piotr Skut was Piotr Szut in French, a name originating from a gag where Haddock tells him to scoot, and French zut signifies frustration. His original name is not a valid Estonian name in any way (Piotr in Estonian is Peeter and the surname does not exist).
Similar reasonings can be made for many of the supporting case or villains in the books.
So, in keeping with the original spirit of the comics the GM may want to use for his game the original names of Tintin, Milou, Haddock, Tournesol, Dupond and Dupont and Nestor!
History
Tintin is a Belgian journalist working for the small newspaper “Le Petit Vingtième”. His adventures serve as social commentary and graphic art from 1929 to 1986 through 24 enjoyable volumes.
Tintin has become a modern comic book icon with a large following world-wide, complete with Tintin fan clubs, merchandise, video games, television, cinema, theatre, documentaries, stamps, coins, museums, exhibitions and shops (as I’m posting this writeup I’m actually wearing a Tintin and Captain Haddock T-shirt).
The stories slowly evolved politically and spiritually. All of the Tintin stories are very steeped in the attitudes of their time of original printing and clearly Hergé wanted to educate the masses while making satirical, funny and thought-provoking political statements. Hergé actually drew himself into some of the stories.
The earliest stories were genre-based in comedy, but grew more realistic over time (ending within the DC Heroes Action Genre) and eventually came to encompass some supernatural elements as well. While some facts had to be changed later on when they became very politically incorrect, the books are still well worth the read!
The 1930s
In a very early adventure he traveled to Soviet Russia to report on the villainy of Bolsheviks and the social misery etc. of that regime (Tintin in the Land of the Soviets; 1929-1930). He had an adventure in the Belgian Congo which paternistically and controversially highlighted the benefits of colonial involvement (Tintin in the Congo; 1930-1931).
While visiting the USA he fought the mafia and eventually delivered justice in an anti-capitalistic story (Tintin in America; 1931-1932). Tintin then went on to adventuring in Egypt, Arabia and India, where he met famous film director Rastapopoulos, stopped heroin smuggling, fought a maharaja, discovers a Pharaonic tomb, and finally stopped a drug cartel (Cigars of the Pharaoh).
From India Tintin gets dragged into adventuring in China where he faces corrupt political forces and a Japanese drug lord. Tintin is rescued from death by a Chinese and befriends an orphan named Chang Chong-Chen. In the end, Tintin faces off and stops the Blue Lotus organization and finds out that Rastapopoulos was actually the head of an international opium ring (The Blue Lotus; 1934-1935).
Tintin follows a trail to the South African country of San Theodoros as he investigates the theft of a Arumbaya tribe relic from the Brussel’s museum of Ethnography. He is sentenced to death by the political forces, but is rescued when General Alcatraz takes over the country in a coup.
In a showdown with some American criminals Tintin saves the relic and the diamond it contains (The Broken Ear; 1935-1937).
In Scotland Tintin broke up a ring of counterfeiters on an isolated island led by a Dr. Müller (The Black Island; 1938-1939). Subsequently, he stopped a robbery in the European country of Syldavia and political problems with the fascistic border state of Borduria and encounters diva Bianca Castafiore for the first time (King Ottokar’s Sceptre; 1938-1939).
The 1940s
In Morocco Tintin follows a gang of opium smugglers on the ship Karaboudjan and is aided by the alcoholic Captain Haddock, who soon becomes his best friend. They are attacked by Tuareg tribesmen, and with the aid of agents Thompson and Thomson the merchant Omar ben Salaad is arrested (The Crab with the Golden Claws; 1940-1941).
When a meteor crash-lands in the ocean Tintin and Haddock head a scientific expedition to reach it before corrupt criminal elements can reap the unusual benefits of the meteor (The Shooting Star; 1941-1942).
Tintin discovers part of an old treasure map inside an old model ship. This starts a treasure hunt against criminals to discover the treasure of the Unicorn, the ship of Haddock’s ancestor (The Secret of the Unicorn; 1942-1943).
The treasure hunt continues undersea using a diving device created by a Professor Calculus, as launching from their ship the Sirius. The hunt leads them to the estate of Marlinspike Hall, in current ownership by the Bird brothers. But as they find the treasure in the vast cellar, it also becomes clear that the estate is in fact Haddock’s (Red Rackham’s Treasure; 1943).
As explorers fall mysteriously ill, and apparently cursed by the old Quechua mummy of Rascar Capac, Tintin and Haddock get involved as Calculus is kidnapped. A trail takes them to South America and further into Peru (The Seven Crystal Balls ; 1943-1946). Tracing Calculus through rain forests, Andean villages and mountains to an old Quechua temple they find a cult.
As they are all doomed to death by fire, Tintin gets to choose their hour of death and pinpoints the time of a solar eclipse. Since Tintin apparently commands their sun god, Pachacamac, they are immediately released. The curse of the explorers in Europe is lifted, upon which the gang returned to Europe (Prisoners of the Sun; 1946-1948).
When cars all over the world start spontaneously exploding a trail of petrol sabotage takes Tintin, Haddock and Thompson and Thomson to Arabia. They stop a nefarious plot by their old enemy Dr. Müller as he has chemically manipulated all the world’s petrol in order to reap huge financial benefits (Land of Black Gold; 1948-1950).
The 1950s
Tintin and Haddock are surprisingly invited to Syldavia to join the crew of the first rocket to the Moon. The rocket was designed by Calculus, but criminal elements in other nations seek to gain the rocket for their own use (Destination Moon; 1950-1952).
The first moon rocket launched and Tintin, Haddock, Calculus and others were the first to visit our stellar satellite. The criminals, who had already infiltrated the rocket, still sought to steal it and all moon data, but they were thwarted and the gang almost died making it back to Earth (Explorers on the Moon; 1952-1953).
When Calculus invented a machine capable of destroying objects by sound Bordurian agents steal the machine. After encountering political intrigue and other problems the threat is stopped as the machine and drawings are destroyed (The Calculus Affair; 1954-1955).
Soon thereafter, Tintin and Haddock encounter General Alcatraz, Rastapopoulos, Dr. Müller, Bianca Castafiore and several others in an adventure where they stop modern slave trade (The Red Sea Sharks; 1956-1958).
When Tintin’s old friend, Chang Chon-Chen goes missing and presumed dead in an airplane crash over the Himalayas, Tintin and Haddock form a search party that leads them to monks, the Yeti and the rescuing of Chang (Tintin in Tibet; 1958-1959).
The 1960s and beyond
Back home, Castafiore visits Marlinspike Hall, which is attended by journalists and television, but the visit is overshadowed by the apparent stealing of Castafiore’s emerald (The Castafiore Emerald; 1961-1962).
During a flight to Sydney, Tintin, Haddock, Calculus and others are on a hijacked plane which lands on a mysterious island. A scientist, Kanrokitoff, greets them and it is eventually revealed that aliens are visiting the island and its old civilization, a fact forgotten by everyone afterwards through hypnosis, although Calculus retained an alien artefact (Flight 714; 1966-1967).
As San Theodoros is captured in a coup, Tintin and Haddock are announced to be enemies of the state. The rebellion is led by their old friend General Alcatraz, and together they manage to restore the old order and stability in the country (Tintin and the Picaros; 1975-1976).
In the last official story, Tintin faces a new age cult and a phoney guru in a plot involving modern avant-garde art that may again have involved Rastapopoulos (Tintin and Alph-Art; 1986).
In the end, eventually Tintin would no longer be reporting news, but instead be making them!
Description
Tintin is a young man almost always seen in his brown golfing trousers, brown shoes and blue shirt with a white shirt underneath. In colder climates he also dons a trench coat. In field and on his adventures he is often wearing culture-appropriate clothing or a disguise.
His most distinguishing feature is the blonde quiff on his forehead. He is always accompanied by his dog, Snowy, who is at times carrying food or a bone.
Personality
Tintin is a truly stand-up guy, a paragon scout, optimist and rarely looses his temper. Offering him money as a bribe is sure to make an enemy out of him. At the same time he is often quite gullible.
He is basically always doing the right thing – a true good fellow – and is often instrumental in bringing justice to particularly evasive or dangerous criminals. His personality is still liberal and bland enough so that most readers can identify with him as an everyman.
Tintin is a born adventurer that wholeheartedly embraces the idea of the explorer. While he is a reporter he is very rarely seen actually writing and sending in the story. He greatly enjoys new milieus and cultures. He is fully capable of handling himself anywhere in the world, in any culture and in any terrain.
Tintin keeps in great shape through various activities and particularly enjoys wilderness wandering and mountaineering. He has been known to keep so busy that he has forgotten to eat until he has almost fallen unconscious from fatigue.
He is mostly level-headed under most circumstances and his kind and righteous personality often starkly contrasts with the criminal elements he encounters.
He is also extremely curious and quite fond of undercover investigation where he employs his superb skills at acting and disguise.
Contrary to many other heroes, he will not willingly leave criminals to a grim fate (although some have still rarely died through his actions). He will never gun down an opponent in cold blood and will always look for non-bloody alternatives, but will often shoot at them, willingly missing or disarming them, to scare them off.
He has also been known to shoot animals, but will only do so as a last resort as he is no believer in animal cruelty. Still, he will rightly and seriously shoot back in self-defense if severely threatened or outgunned by several armed enemies.
His altruism is also evident with friends as he never forgets or leaves a friend in distress, even as they are on the other side of the planet.
Tintin is generally a very happy guy when he is drunk even when it’s not very suitable to be so (i.e. being surrounded by enemies or about to be killed), although he is a regular speaker and practitioner of the temperance movement. While not an absolutist he very rarely drinks.
Still, he dances and sings when exceedingly happy even while not drunk, and his most common swearing is “crumbs” (or “saperlipopette” in French – an amazingly dated word). He also does not smoke.
Tintin’s best friend is the temperamental Captain Haddock. Haddock is quite a lot older than Tintin and is almost like a surrogate father for him. He is also acquainted with famous diva Bianca Castafiore and controversial military leader General Alcatraz.
He retains rarely used connections at his newspaper Le Petit Vingtième and is also a close friend of the world-famous Professor Cuthbert Calculus who designed the first rocket to the moon, and sometimes seems to relate to him like a whimsical uncle.
His constant involvement with criminal elements has led to him being practically constantly followed by the half-incompetent detectives Thompson and Thomson whose law-enforcement affiliation is never clarified (they may belong to the Belgian Police, to Scotland Yard, but most likely to Interpol). He also retains other contacts within the Interpol for arresting various criminal elements.
His Chinese friend Chang was very rarely encountered, but they would likely be on very good terms if they ever met again. Tintin is famous all over the world and has fans all over the place, sometimes appearing unexpectedly to provide him help.
Quotes
“I must be on my guard. Without his glasses this man can pick out a flock of sheep from as high up as this. He has good eyes for a short-sighted person ! And another strange thing: ever since I found him packing his bags I haven’t seen him smoke a single cigarette. Unless I’m very much mistaken, I’m traveling with an impostor ! If that’s so, then everything fits… the shouts I heard on the telephone were from the real Professor Alembick. He has been kidnapped and this man has taken his place. He must be exposed ! At Prague I’ll pull off that false beard, and have him arrested !”
“Excuse me, your Highness, but does your son wear a blue robe ? Here’s a piece of blue cloth I just found, caught on a branch… under the tree are some very deep footmarks… obviously someone was hiding in the tree, and then jumped to the ground. There’s your son’s motor car… it has been shoved to one side, as you can see from the tyre marks. There ! I knew it ! More footmarks ! And here, and there, and look ! Marks on the wall ! This is where they must have climbed over; the men who kidnapped your son, Highness !”
(About Thomson and Thompson) “The two friends I mentioned. I have a great favor to ask on their behalf: please treat them as your honoured guests. Lavish every comfort upon them; take every possible care of them… but if you want me to find your son, for pity’s sake don’t allow them out of the palace on any pretext whatsoever.”
“Noble Prince of the Sun, I crave your indulgence. Let me tell you our story. We have never sought to commit sacrilege. We were simply looking for our friend, Professor Calculus…”
“We have left a message sealed inside the tank for those who may one day follow in our steps. If we are lost with all hands, this message will be a remainder of the fantastic adventures of the first men on the Moon. Now we are coming back on board.”
Game Stats — DC Heroes RPG
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Tintin
Dex: 04 | Str: 03 | Bod: 03 | Motivation: Upholding the Good |
Int: 06 | Wil: 04 | Min: 05 | Occupation: World-famous Reporter, Adventurer, Astronaut |
Inf: 04 | Aur: 04 | Spi: 05 | Resources {or Wealth}: 005 |
Init: 016 | HP: 070 |
Powers:
Dumb Luck: 04 (see below)
Skills:
Acrobatics (Athletics, Dodging): 03, Acrobatics (Climbing): 06, Animal Handling: 05, Artist (Documentary filming, Photographer): 05, Artist (Actor, Writer): 06, Charisma (Interrogation): 04, Charisma (Persuasion): 05, Detective (Clue Analysis, Counterfeit Recognition, Legwork): 06, Evasion (Ranged only): 05, Martial Artist (AV): 05, Martial Artist (EV, OV, RV): 04, Medicine (First Aid): 04, Military Science (Demolition): 03, Military Science (Tracking): 04, Thief (Escape Artist): 04, Thief (Stealth): 05, Weaponry (Melee): 04, Weaponry (Firearms): 05, Weaponry (Thrown): 06, vehicles (Land, Space): 03, Vehicles (Air, Sea): 04, Vehicles (Exotic): 05
Advantages
Area Knowledge (The World), Buddy (Captain Haddock; since ’Crab with the Golden Claws’), Credentials (Press Pass), Expansive Headquarters (Marlinspike Hall, Haddock’s home), Expertise (Astronaut training), Familiarity (Scuba diving, World Religions), Language (Flemish, French, German, Hindi, Mandarin Chinese, Morse Code, Russian, Spanish), Free Access (Press Pass), Local Hero (world-famous reporter w/Snowy; at the start, middle and/or at the end of every adventure), Pet (Snowy), Rich Friend (Captain Haddock; since ’Red Rackham’s Treasure‘), Schtick (Conditional Soaking – Collisions and vehicular crashes), Schtick (Quick Change Artistry – Low), Ultraluck (x2).
Connections:
Bianca Castafiore (Low), Captain Archibald Haddock (High), General Alcatraz (aka. Ramon Zarate) of San Theodoros (High), Miscellaneous Interpol contacts (High), Le Petit Vingtieme (Low), The detectives Thompson and Thomson (who work for Scotland Yard, the Belgian Police or, most likely, the Interpol) (High), Professor Cuthbert Calculus (High), Piotr Skut the Estonian pilot (Low).
Drawbacks:
None demonstrated.
Equipment:
- FN Browning M1900 [BODY 02, Projectile weapons: 03, Ammo: 07, R#03, Note: this is a 7.65mm Browning pistol, his weapon of choice, which is carried whenever he expects some real troubles.]
- In later stories, however, he seems to have switched to the Browning High-Power with the improved stats of [BODY 02, Projectile weapons: 04, Ammo: 13, R#03], although it’s difficult to tell from the art.
- Tintin supposedly also always carries around some basic makeup, foundation, fake beards, a wig and the like to be able to so quickly put up a convincing disguise! Additionally, the GM may give the Tintin Player a small discount in purchasing any additional pieces of more advanced disguise items by HPs that he may need during an adventure.
Snowy
“They’re going to murder Tintin ! Help ! What can I do ?”
“No ! Come on, Snowy ! Nothing for it ! You’ve got to save him ! Into battle !”
(At the end of an adventure and carrying a large bone) “A present from Tibet !”
Dex: 03 | Str: 01 | Bod: 01 | Motivation: Canine Companion |
Int: 01 | Wil: 03 | Min: 03 | Occupation: Pet |
Inf: 01 | Aur: 01 | Spi: 03 | Resources {or Wealth}: N/A |
Init: 005 | HP: 025 |
Powers:
Analytical Smell/Tracking Scent: 05, Claws (bite): 01, Running: 04, Shrinking: 03, Speak With Animals: 04
Bonuses and Limitations:
Shrinking is Always on (-1) and already Calculated into his Stats.
Skills:
Accuracy (Biting): 04, Military Science (Tracking): 05, Thief (Stealth): 03
Advantages
Edge (Claws), Luck.
Drawbacks:
Unluck.
Adventuring around the world
In addition to his astonishing knowledge of languages, Tintin has also been shown to be exceptionally intuitive and even precognitive at times (in Tintin in Tibet and Flight 714), which may be simulated by giving him Sharp Eye whenever it fits well with the story at hand.
His STR seemed initially to have been only a 02 APs, but it later rose to the full 03 APs given above.
The unexpected help he sometimes receives during his world-wide adventures may be treated as the use of a non-noted Omni-Connection advantage if the GM thinks its justified.
During his adventures he has displayed two different Powers. First, he has used Skilled Speak with Animals: 03 with elephants (in Cigars of the Pharaoh) and monkeys (in Tintin in the Congo) and could probably do so again as a Seriously Marginal Power.
Second, he started out as pre-deterministically lucky. In fact, the more experienced and famous he got the less lucky he became as if a karmic benefit had then been returned in full.
In the early volume Tintin in America he had the Dumb Luck power rated at 07 APs, but only 40 HPs. During the next few volumes this was toned down a bit to 05 APs, as his HPs were raised to 45-50 HPs and then it went down to 04 APs only with The Secret of the Unicorn (the one that got made into a blockbuster movie recently). This is where it has stayed since while his HPs got up first to 55 HPs, then 60, 65 and finally 70 HPs (he’s currently a world-wide celebrity as an adventurer).
Later on, his Dumb Luck comes into play less often given the risks of using such low APs (and he likely either does so by spending HPs on the roll or rerolling using the Ultraluck advantage). Tintin apparently also often changes the game environment by spending HPs, possibly with a discount as he is using his Ultraluck advantage at the same time.
In the very first volume, Tintin in the Land of the Soviets, which had different art, works as a political protest, and seems to operate in a different genre, Tintin actually had Gadgetry: 02, a skill not seen since, and an EV through Martial Artist of a full 05 APs (plus he was a bit larger than depicted later), scores not seen since.
Still, his AV is probably a full 05 and it is assumed with this writeup that he fairly often spends HPs on his EV as well in unarmed combat. In the same volume Snowy had Artist (Actor): 02 as well as Digging: 00, neither of which have been seen since.
In all later adventures he often uses only his Ultra-Luck advantage and instead has had to start relying more on his skills and now considerable HPs since using Dumb Luck is a bit risky.
An alternative game mechanic for this would be to assume that he has always had the same AP level of Dumb Luck, but that his Mystical Attributes have increased over the years (to levels above those presented above), which would indeed turn him less lucky as his OV/RV thus increased continuously.
Snowy, on the other hand, is either very lucky or very unlucky on different occasions.
Source of Character: Tintin comics by Hergé: Adventures of Tintin vol.1 (collecting Tintin in America, Cigars of the Pharaoh & The Blue Lotus), Adventures of Tintin vol.2 (collecting The Broken Ear, The Black Island & King Ottokar’s Sceptre), Adventures of Tintin vol.3 (collecting The Crab with the Golden Claws, The Shooting Star & The Secret of the Unicorn), Adventures of Tintin vol. 4 (collecting Red Rackham’s Treasure, The Seven Crystal Balls & Prisoners of the Sun), Adventures of Tintin vol. 5 (collecting Land of Black Gold, Destination Moon & Explorers on the Moon), Adventures of Tintin vol. 6 (collecting The Calculus Affair, The Red Sea Sharks & Tintin in Tibet), Adventures of Tintin vol. 7 (collecting The Castafiore Emerald, Flight 714 & Tintin and the Picaros). Tintin in the Land of the Soviets, Tintin in the Congo & the non-completed album Tintin and Alph-Art. Further, the album Tintin and the Lake of Sharks, not written but supervised by Hergé, has been consulted.
Helper(s): Sébastien Andrivet, Kevin Berger, Roger Cormes
Writeup completed on the 29th of May, 2014.